Cuestiones de género: de la igualdad y la diferencia

Gender socialization in rural women: a temporal analysis through various cases among inhabitants of the Sierra de Gredos in the Autonomous Community of Castilla y León

Andrea Chamorro García — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Gender socialization is a highly relevant aspect of society, as it influences the lives of all individuals. It is rooted in the way patriarchal values are imparted to people through education at every level, with principles that differ significantly between both men and women. This sociocultural mechanism is one of the key factors that perpetuate patriarchy. Although its foundational principles are universally common, distinct nuances can be observed when examining specific contexts and moments. This article aims to conduct an analysis within a rural setting, focusing on the Midwest Spanish Region of Gredos. It will explore this topic through the examination of different life stories from women living in this definite rural area.

“We are not pillows, we are not made for filling”. Agrarian unionism and gender in Uruguay

Paola Mascheroni, Paula Florit, Virginia Courdin — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In studies on agrarian trade unionism, a typified conception of the male worker and a concept of work restrictive to the market sphere have prevailed. Feminist analyzes question the very notion of work and show how class and gender interact to generate precarious job insertions and subordinate union positions for women in the agrarian world. Faced with this, the article analyzes the experience of union militancy of women in Uruguay’s agricultural sector, based on qualitative work focused on understanding the main difficulties for union participation, the forms of participation and the achievements and challenges in the incorporation of the gender agenda in collective bargaining.

Evolution of women's demands in Spain. From the normative to the social

Beatriz Pérez González, Ana Rodríguez Penin — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The recent history in Spain of women's demands for equality has specific features and an arrhythmic and irregular path. The article exposes the process of the Second Republic to the present day, showing the advances and resistances, proposing the current transformation in the typology of demands and struggles. The working hypothesis is that from that period to the present day the demands have gone from a greater impact on regulations (according to the possibilities) to a transformation and configuration as a women's movement. Women's demands and the most significant advances are the object of study as they represent a transformation in forms of action, alliances and types of struggles today.

Alliances between feminist movements and indigenous peoples within Chile's last Constituent Convention

Ana Fernandez Fernandez Quiroga — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In Chile, after the “estallido social” of 2019, the construction of a new constitutional text began through the construction of a Convention that, for the first time in history, had parity representation and included the voices of indigenous peoples. In this article, through a documentary review of the sessions of the Convention, we aim to delve into the construction of alliances between those representing indigenous peoples and feminist movements in the Constitutional Convention of 2022. Among the conclusions, we underline the importance of networking in order to shape a feminist constitutional text, but the maintenance of a separation between the rights of women and indigenous communities, due to a lack of intersectionality.

Lights and shadows of intersectional discrimination from constitutionalism

Ignacio Alvarez Rodríguez — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the phenomenon of intersectional discrimination from the framework of constitutionalism, highlighting its importance in the protection of fundamental rights. It explores how diverse identities of gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and other characteristics intertwine to generate unique experiences of discrimination, always within the constitutional framework and not beyond it. Furthermore, the legal and political implications of the concept are examined, highlighting the need to carefully rethink these policies in light of examining their advantages and disadvantages. This article offers a significant contribution to the field of constitutional law by illuminating how constitutional principles can be used to address contemporary challenges of discrimination and marginalization.

The relevance of the aggravating circumstance due to gender for feminist legal theory. What did the Supreme Court say? about vicarious gender violence? Comments to STS 917/2023, of December 14

María Concepción Torres Díaz — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The article analyses the latest doctrine of the Supreme Court on the application of the gender-based aggravating circumstance. The study focuses on ruling 917/2023 (14/12/2023), in which the High Court revises its doctrine on gender-based aggravating circumstances. The analysis is of interest insofar as the Supreme Court extends its application to cases of “vicarious gender violence” in which the domination of the woman-partner extends to the woman-daughter “in a group context of significant violence of collective domination [...]” due to the fact that they are women. A doctrinal evolution can be observed in the application of the aggravating circumstance in accordance with an iusfeminist vision of the gender perspective as a methodology.

Repercussions of COVID-19 on the addressing domestic violence by governments, institutions and professionals: scoping review

Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study is a scoping review in which we seek to identify studies that evaluate the repercussions of COVID-19 on health policy decisions taken by governments, institutions and professionals to combat Domestic and Family Violence Against Women (VDFCM) during the first two years of the pandemic. The MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS and Embase databases were consulted, including articles published between January 2020 and December 2021, in which 18 were submitted for consideration of this scope. It is possible to identify efforts to combat VDFCM in the first years of the pandemic, since each country instituted specific actions, according to local realities, economic possibilities and political agreements.

Validation of the “questionnaire to evaluate the care provided by care services to older women victims of gender violence”

Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The attention provided by care services to women victims of gender violence is essential to respond to their needs. This work presents the validation of a questionnaire designed to evaluate the care provided by care services to older women victims of gender violence. To do this, reliability was calculated using Cronbach's Alpha and an exploratory factor analysis was carried out. The results reveal that the “Questionnaire to evaluate the care provided by care services to older women victims of gender violence” has acceptable levels of reliability and validity and is appropriate to evaluate the care provided to older women victims of gender violence.

“No penalty, no relevance”: the socializing role of punishment for prostitution demanding men

Ana Diego Cobo — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Within the fight to eradicate violence against women, prostitution appears on the feminist agenda as a priority issue, being it, as it is, a school and source of inequality. The purpose of this article –after exploring the naturalizer ideology that underlies the institution of prostitution, as well as the different theoretical-legal frameworks in its approach– is to study its demand as part of male socialization. More specifically, this article aims to highlight the socializing role of the penalty for female prostitution consumers, as it is claimed by the abolitionist model.

Media violence: public policies, cases and access to justice in Argentina

Maria Florencia Rodriguez — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the political, legal and institutional dimensions of media violence, as a form of violence against women, since the enactment of Law 26.485 in Argentina. For this purpose, the public policies implemented in this regard from 2009 to 2023 by various agencies are monitored. Then, case law on the subject is investigated through the analysis of sentences and court decisions in order to know the arguments used by the courts involved and the characteristics that access to justice assumes in these cases. Finally, a proposal is presented to optimize the organization of the sources of information and data available on media violence; and partial conclusions.

Perspectives and challenges of feminist journalism in Colombia in 2023: An exploratory study

Catalina Restrepo Díaz — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research analyzes the role of feminist journalism in reshaping the social landscape in Colombia. Feminist media are committed to confronting social structures that perpetuate gender-based discrimination and violence. To deepen this analysis, six structured interviews were conducted with founding journalists of feminist media and academic experts in gender studies, whose reflections are fundamental to this research. The study was complemented with a mapping of the feminist media Volcánicas, La Manifiesta and Las Igualadas (El Espectador). It is concluded that feminist journalism emerges as a crucial actor in the historical struggle for gender equality in the country.

The audiovisual narration of young women. A story of self-knowledge

Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article presents part of the results of the research Activismos en Femenino. El discurso feminista de mujeres jóvenes en grupos culturales y en su cotidianidad (ACTIFEM), financed by the Catalan Youth Agency of the Generalitat de Catalunya and carried out in two Spanish cities, Barcelona and Lleida. The article aims to assess how the participants define themselves as young women through audiovisual storytelling, and whether this exercise offers them tools or spaces for empowerment. To this purpose, four autobiographical capsules and their creation process have been analysed, complemented by non-participant observation and life stories. This exploratory study makes it possible to detect recurring topics and strategies among young women, highly significant for considering audiovisual self-talk as a tool for empowerment.

Deshominem, cross-current men: a research-creation around the reflection of non-hegemonic masculinities

Maria Cecilia Hernández Ocampo, Paula Andrea Barreiro Posada, Edisson Arbey Mora — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article approaches the experiences of non-hegemonic masculinities in a university context, to investigate the challenges faced by men with the expectations and roles that have historically been assigned to them. Based on the research-creation methodology, we seek to understand what we mean when we talk about non-hegemonic masculinities and how these are built on a daily basis among men in the university community, thus understanding what effects they still have on the formation of our societies. This research is part of a project at the University of Antioquia (Colombia, 2021-2022), its result is a web documentary miniseries, whose narrative arc exhibits the process of awareness, deconstruction and permanent reconstruction of diverse masculinities.

Get married or buy a bicycle? An analysis of women's protagonism in consumer culture

Beatriz Beraldo — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this article is to discuss, based on the provocation of a famous phrase in Brazil, the relationship between women's social life and consumer culture. Using a qualitative methodology and a bibliographic supported by thinkers in the field of Social Sciences, marriage and private property are observed as restrictions’ agents, historically imposed on women in the public sphere. From another angle, the investigation also presents a cultural history of the dynamics of bicycle consumption in the 19th century. In conclusion, it articulates reflections on the communicational and anthropological dimensions of women's protagonism in consumer culture.

First deputy/senator women along the Spanish Transition (1977-1979). Narrative Analysis

Maria Gómez y Patiño — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study retrieves the first parliamentary women (deputies and senators) elected in the Constituent Elections of 1977 and in the Legislative Elections of 1979. It presents the analysis of 21 personal and semi-structured interviews carried out with these politicians who were part of the chambers of representatives during the Spanish transition and democracy. They offer their own narrative that has been analyzed through Discourse Analysis, from three different perspectives: biographical, political and evaluative data. The results allow establishing an ex post testimonial self-assessment of the interrelation between their personal life as women-politicians and their performance: personal limitations and renunciations. They offer a personal assessment of the current political situation and figure out a probable future prospection.

Chantal Mouffe's proposal for an antiessentialist and hegemonic feminist politics

Agustina Victoria Arrigorria — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

From the anti-essentialist perspective, essential identities organized around gender or class do not exist; rather, there are forms of identification. According to Chantal Mouffe, this understanding of subjectivity is crucial for developing a feminist theory and political practice with hegemonic aspirations in a plural and radical democracy. This paper aims to provide an approach to her feminist political proposal, contrasting it with models advocated by liberalism and exclusionary feminisms, and will conclude by emphasizing the importance of this approach for situating feminist struggle within a plural and radical framework. This research, employing a hermeneutic method, is motivated by the value of contributions contemporary political philosophy can offer to feminism and the lack of attention to the thematic proposed by the author in gender studies.

The female main characters of Astrid Lindgren: ecofeminist models

Raül Sánchez-Ballester — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this paper we aim to offer an ecofeminist analysis of the three novels starring Pippi Longstocking and Ronja, the Robber’s Daughter from Astrid Lindgren because their main characters can become role models for young readers. Thus, we will analyse the way they act in a society that tries to oppress and dominate them because of the gender roles and Val Plumwood’s dualisms. Moreover, we will observe how these works represent the interdependent relationships between all the living beings and the ecodependent relationship between the main characters and the environment.

The Mediation of Critical Themes of Motherhood Studies in Storytelling: The Case of The Girl Who Drank the Moon

Catalina Millan Scheiding — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

By contemplating the emotional and intellectual link between the reader and the book, this article considers how a contemporary text might respond to current motherhood studies’ issues, and how these studies are mediated to be considered appropriate for an audience of young readers. A psychosocial research strategy is used, through a feminist theoretical framework, to analyze how the young adult novel The Girl Who Drank the Moon incorporates key ideas of motherhood studies through characters’ agency and the storytelling arch. Motherhood is represented as an institution, an individual identity and an emotional experience, and the novel offers the young reader a nuanced vision into an ongoing discussion. The potential of storytelling to mediate social justice concerns to the young reader is highlighted.

From classrooms to hormones. The hijacking of coeducation by neoliberal patriarchy

Silvia Carrasco Pons, Ana Hidalgo Urtiaga — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Since the adoption of the Spanish Equality Act (Organic Law 3/2007, of 22 March, on Equality between Women and Men), the education laws must include Coeducation, or education for equality at all stages of the education system and in teacher training as a key tool for achieving it. However, not only has it never been developed, but in 2014 it began to be supplanted by notions inspired by queer theory, at the far end of its goals. The paper unveils this process and its impact on the health of underage children, where adolescent girls are overrepresented, amidst political inaction and media silence despite the worrying evidence available in Spain and internationally.

López-Medina, E. (2020) Books and closets: silenced diversity. English textbooks in Secondary Education and their hidden curriculum, effective tools of cisheterosexism. Madrid: Complutense University of Madrid, 2020.

Ana Otto — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Thesis Review: Books and closets: silenced diversity. English textbooks in Secondary Education and their hidden curriculum, effective tools of cisheterosexism by López-Medina, E. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2020.

Elia S. Temporal and Mar Busquets-Mataix. a/strokes. Valencia: Olé Books, 2023

Alicia Muñoz Alabau — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Book Review: A/brazadas by Elia S. Temporal and Mar Busquets-Mataix. Valencia: Olé Libros, 2023.

Luisa Posada Kubissa. Feminism: places and echoes. Granada: Comares editorial, 2023

María Concepción Torres Díaz — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article is a review of the monograph by Professor Luisa Posada Kubissa published in Comares in 2023 under the following title: Feminismo, lugares y ecos. It critically analyzes from a feminist legal perspective current hot topics: violence against women for the mere fact of being women, feminization of poverty, sexual violence, trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation, surrogate wombs, etc. Special attention is paid to the legal relevance of the political subject "women" at the present time.

Daniel jones. Masculinity. Buenos Aires, UNGS Editorial, 2022

Leonardo Huici Capra — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Book Review: Masculinity: Men and Feminisms by Daniel Jones. Buenos Aires, UNGS Editorial, 2022

Elia S. Temporal and Mar Busquets-Mataix. A/strokes. Valencia: Olé Libros, 2023.

Celia García Davó — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Book Review: A/brazadas by Elia S. Temporal and Mar Busquets-Mataix. Valencia: Olé Libros, 2023.

Let us be free from “academentia”

Laura Favaro — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

“Survivor of academentia” is how one former lecturer in sociology described herself when I interviewed her for my ethnography of academia. In particular, the research was exploring the “gender wars”, namely the disputes around sex and gender that have escalated dramatically since the mid-2010s in Britain and increasingly also in many other countries. This article builds on feminist and other critical uses of the term academentia with original insights from interview and document data about the detrimental impact of queer theory and politics. The hope is to stimulate further inquiry into the push towards queering at universities, and beyond, as well as into the connections between the transgender and mad movements.

Growing up in postmodern dissolution: New challenges for feminism and coeducation

Marina Pibernat Vila — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The experience of childhood, adolescence and youth have changed a lot in a short time. The education and socialization that girls, boys and young people receive have undergone important transformations that have to do with all aspects of people's lives and the relationships between them. In less than two centuries we have gone from widespread illiteracy, and the exclusion of girls from education, to education segregated by sex, and then to mixed education. In recent decades, feminism has gone further and has focused on the need for non-sexist education capable of transmitting content free of androcentrism and eradicating sexist behavior within educational institutions. Coeducation is the tool created for this purpose. And while we were advancing in the education of girls and boys with increasing equality, the world was also changing enormously in terms of technology and communication, ushering in a new digital era that has modified not only education and academia, but also all processes. communicative, production, distribution, consumption, work and leisure. Girls, boys and young people socialize in a world crossed by digital and audiovisual content from large industries, the Internet, virtual social networks that allow us to create and disseminate our own content, video games, consoles, mobile phones or computers. Thus, just as all of this goes through our world, it also goes through their youthful experiences and their growth processes to become women or men, being a constituent part of their biographies.

In one part of the world, the postmodern context that has marked the turn of the century and millennium has been characterized by a process of dissolution of social and community ties, of collective identities and of the political subjects of social movements. All of this for the benefit of an individualism that fits perfectly with participation on the Internet through personal and non-transferable electronic devices such as the mobile phone, or digital platforms created to build and display a certain image of our individuality. In this new communicative context, new problems have emerged around gender stereotypes associated with each of the sexes, modifying and expanding in the context of the digital and image market. This has affected the socialization of girls, boys and young people, and also their relationships outside and inside the classroom, education and co-education.

This issue of the Cuestiones de Género journal starts with a Guest Article from the Feminist Teachers for Coeducation association (DoFemCo), a privileged contribution made both from current teaching practice and from its research. The Monograph of this nineteenth issue of the journal addresses, through its twelve articles, various aspects of coeducation and socialization between current childhood and youth in relation to equality and inequality between the sexes, both within the classrooms. as in their participation in the digital sphere and their consumption of audiovisual products. The About section, a novelty presented by the journal this year, focuses on the impact that the very concept of “sex” has come to be conceived no longer as an immutable fact given by nature, but as an identity that is can choose and "perform", as well as on other issues related to the new forms of sexual inequality that we face as a society.

The Tribune section brings together eighteen works that address various issues of great relevance for women, in a transatlantic dialogue between Spain, Chile, Brazil, Uruguay, Colombia and Argentina. These issues include the socialization and struggles of women in rural areas, various aspects of gender violence, communication, women's political practice, references of feminist theory and youth literature, or intersectionality. Finally, five reviews of recent works close this issue of the Cuestiones de Género journal.

The evolution of the inclusion of gender equality and coeducation in Spanish educational laws (from 1857 to 2020)

Cristina Cabedo Laborda — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The historical journey of the right to education from a gender perspective in Spain shows us the existence of important milestones, which in turn constitute today three legal elements within this right to education: the right to education for girls, the principle of equality of women and men in education and the principle of coeducation. In this article we analyze this historical journey from the perspective and content of all the educational laws in Spain (from 1857 to 2020) and we reflect on how to understand the principle of coeducation, as a step still pending to be conceptualized in our regulations.

Feminist criticism as foundation of coeducation. The urgent need for the study of feminist thought

Marta Madruga Bajo — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Knowledge of feminist philosophical thought is the foundation of education for equality without which it is not possible to develop and implement a truly coeducational teaching practice. Feminist criticism reveals the androcentric and patriarchal character of our tradition of thought and also generates an ethical and political project of emancipation and social transformation. At the same time, the feminist critical analysis of the current moment allows us to question new categories, practices and proposals that depoliticize feminism and that, therefore, cannot dismantle the structural inequality between the sexes. Considering that education is an authentic instrument of social transformation, teacher training in feminist theory and criticism is essential.

Problematizing old and renewed sexisms in the youth imagination: there is an urgent need for more coeducation in all contexts with an educational name

Ana Maria Iglesias Galdo — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

There are no favorable winds for critical theories, nor for coeducation, which is today feminist theory in education. Postmodernity, under the neoliberal-patriarchal ideological alliance, denying the existence of the system of sex-gender oppression, is promoting an educational turn that guarantees a new mentality uncritical of inequalities, blatantly anti-feminist. Faced with this scenario, we propose to review some of the traces of the presence of the knowledge produced by Feminist Studies in the educational political agenda; to approach the youth imaginary in order to objectify some of the sexisms installed in their thinking- especially those related to hegemonic masculinity and gender violence- and, finally, to demand the development of coeducation, as a guarantee that ensures the learning and practice of a strong statute of democratic citizenship.

Young women facing digital inequality: positions, exposures and dispositionsa

Daniel Calderón Gómez — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article conducts a sociological analysis of digital inequalities among youth from a gender perspective. It departs from a theoretical model of digital inequality focused on the internalized, externalized, and objectified dimensions of the technological socialization process. Using a quantitative methodology based on secondary data, it delves into the structural inequality that young women suffer in digital environments. This inequality materializes in the internalization of dispositions of helplessness and distrust, in experiences of overload, technological dependence, and problems of personal image management on the Internet, but also in uses that are affected by specific forms of violence (violation of privacy and sexual harassment) that limit the possibilities of digital participation of women on equal terms.

Analysis of social network as a space for learning and reproduction of machismo. Perceptions of young people and experts

Monica Gil Junquero, Juan Antonio Rodríguez del Pino, Susana Marín Traura — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Social networks are consolidated as agents of socialization where machismo is learned and practiced in liquid and romantic love. This article aims to approach: 1) the gender socialization of youth from the uses of social networks; 2) how youth understand and experience macho cyber-violence. It is a qualitative work in which focus groups have been conducted and Delphi methodology has been used. Cyberbullying needs attention and digital coeducation is revealed as a key element.

Impact of the content consumed during adolescence on the socialization process

Imma Ruiz Cerezo, Reis B. Vidal — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article presents the findings of a research that analyzes the impact of audiovisual content, on social networks and printed media consumed by adolescents and its influence on their choices. The research, carried out in a Secondary Education Institute in the Valencian Community, applies a questionnaire of open questions to 1st and 3rd year ESO students. The results show differences by sex in preferences and consumption habits, as well as gender biases in the content consumed. These patterns reveal a close connection with the perpetuation of gender mandates, the objectification of women's bodies, and the strengthening of patriarchy. The study highlights the importance of understanding and addressing these influences in adolescence.

Gender inequalities in education and their economic impact: a global quantitative analysis

Sara Ouali Fernández — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Taking into consideration the influence that educational gender gap could have on the economic growth of countries, this research aims to study this impact, as well as the evolution in recent years and the current situation of gender inequalities in education. To achieve this, a quantitative analysis of these inequities is conducted, and an estimation, using the method of generalized least squares, of the impact of education on the GDP growth rate is performed. The results show that the gender gap in secondary education remains significant in low-income countries and indicate a negative impact on the economy due to barriers limiting women's access to the labor market.

Coeducation in schools. The Wungu rubric, a comprehensive self-assessment instrument for educational transformation

Anna Tarrés Vallespí, Miquel Ángel Essomba Gelabert, Meritxell Argelagués Besson — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The article presents a self-assessment rubric for coeducation in educational environments with the aim of making coeducation a tangible reality. For its preparation, action research has been carried out in 4 educational centers in Barcelona and its metropolitan area through discussion and action processes. The main result of the research is the Wungu rubric. The rubric responds to five challenges: contextualize coeducation within the framework of the educational project; review and rethink internal processes and structures; promote co-educational actions that cover all school times and spaces; promote awareness, training, commitment and care of educational teams; (re)place relationships with families at the epicenter of the co-educational strategy.

Gender in education: the relevance of inclusive language in the Spanish as a foreign language classroom

Covadonga Arroyo García — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the integration of the gender perspective in education, defending the relevance of incorporating inclusive language in the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language as a tool that promotes equality and critical awareness among students. Additionally, a model is presented for the implementation of a didactic proposal focused on non-sexist language for Spanish students, which includes real materials. The methodology used in the study is qualitative, based on the analysis of research on coeducation, transversal education and inclusive language. As a result, this paper advocates for an inclusive and equitable education, highlighting the need to develop didactic proposals that address inclusive language in the Spanish classroom.

Multimodality and gender in higher education through the Japanese animated films Princess Mononoke (1997), Spirited Away (2001) and Howl's Moving Castle (2004) for educational purposes

María Martínez Lirola, Alba Campoy Martínez — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article offers a didactic proposal based on female empowerment with a multimodal perspective in three Japanese animated films. The main objectives of the research are to introduce the concept of female empowerment in the teaching-learning process, to teach students to interpret these multimodal materials from the female empowerment perspective and to know the opinion of tertiary education students about their performance in the activities. The data for this article were mainly collected through a questionnaire and a self-developed rubric. Finally, the results obtained show that students were really aware of the importance of female empowerment and of the didactic application of these materials in the English classroom.

A feminity managed from the primary school during the franquist regime

Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this research is to verify whether the school practices of the Spanish National Catholicism conditioned the construction of the gender identity of girls and women, as well as the feminine model of the time. To this end, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of 275 school notebooks from that period was carried out. The qualitative study addressed content analysis around five study variables, supported by a quantitative cluster study to contrast the qualitative results. The results reveal that the education system conditioned the female model. Limited expectations, home-centred education and obedience perpetuated gender inequality, with observable repercussions today.

Socialization in social networks, digital advances and violence in new environments: Literature review and analysis

Antonia Rodríguez Martínez — Sat, 29 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In a society immersed in the digital age, social media plays a significant role in daily life. Socialization extends beyond screens, especially among adolescents and young people, bringing with it a new education that fosters healthy habits and eliminates entrenched stereotypes about women and different forms of violence. The aim is to analyze the use of social media as a means of socialization, emphasizing coeducation. We employ a qualitative methodology, through documentary analysis and literature review. The results indicate that we are experiencing new forms of violence, particularly, women perceive harassment by their partners, cyber violence, control and isolation. This is compounded by a lack of digital education and massive use of social media in current socialization processes.