Características del conocimiento transferido como determinantes del rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18002/pec.v0i8.681Keywords:
Naturaleza tácita, Valor del conocimiento, Rendimiento, Sistemas de franquicia, Franquiciado, Tacit knowledge, Value of knowledge, Performance, Franchise systems, FranchiseeAbstract
En este trabajo se pretende analizar la influencia de la naturaleza tácita y el valor del conocimiento (dos características del conocimiento determinantes de la facilidad con la que se puede transferir el mismo) en el rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia. Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de regresión lineal sobre una muestra de establecimientos franquiciados en diferentes cadenas de franquicia y sectores de actividad que operan en España, midiendo el rendimiento tanto de manera objetiva como subjetiva y tomando el tipo de actividad llevada a cabo por el establecimiento franquiciado como variable de control. Los resultados parecen indicar que la naturaleza tácita del conocimiento influye de manera negativa en el rendimiento de los sistemas de franquicia mientras que el valor del conocimiento afecta de manera positiva.
In this paper the influence of tacitness and value of knowledge on the performance of franchise systems are studied. With this aim, a linear regression analysis is conducted on a sample of franchisee of different franchise chains and sectors of activity operating in Spain. In the model we added a control variable, named transformation, which representa the kind of activities carried out in the franchisee units: just commercial or transformative and commercial activities. The findings show that tacit knowledge has a negative impact on franchise systems performance, the value of knowledge affects it in a positive manner whereas the control variable is significant.
Downloads
References
ALONSO PRIETO, M. (2003) La Franquicia de la 'A' a la 'Z'. Manual para el Franquiciador y el Franquiciado. Madrid: LID Editorial Empresarial.
AMBROSINI, V. and C. BOWMAN (2001) "Tacit Knowledge: Some Suggestions for Operationalization", Journal of Management Studies, 38, no. 6, pp. 811-829.
ANDERSON, E.E. (1984) "The Growth and Performance of Franchise Systems: Company versus Franchisee Ownership", Journal of Economics and Business, 36, pp. 421-431.
BATES, A. (2002) "What Drives Profit in Franchising", Franchising World, 34, no. 3, pp. 46-47.
BRADACH, J.L. (1998) Franchise Organizations. Massachusetts: Harvard Business School Press.
BRESMAN, H.; J. BIRKINSHAW and R. NOBEL (1999) "Knowledge Transfer in International Acquisitions", Journal of International Business Studies, 30, no. 3, pp. 439-462.
CARMAN, J.M. and T.A. KLEIN (1986) "Power, Property and Performance in Franchising: A Review and Integration of Theory", Research in Marketing, 8, pp. 71-130.
CASTROGIOVANNI, G.J.; R.T. JUSTIS and S.D. JULIAN (1993) "Franchise Failure Rates: An Assessment of Magnitude and Influencing Factors", Journal of Small Business Management, April, pp. 105-114.
CAVES, R.E. and W.F. MURPHY II (1976) "Franchising: Firms, Markets and Intangible Assets", Southern Economic Journal, 42, pp. 572-586.
CHEN, C.J. (2004) "The Effects of Knowledge Attribute, Alliance Characteristics and Absorptive Capacity on Knowledge Transfer Performance", R&D Management, 34, no. 3, pp. 311-321.
CONTRACTOR, F.K. and S.K. KUNDU (1998) "Modal Choice in a World of Alliances: Analyzing Organizational Forms in the International Hotel Sector", Journal of International Business Studies, 29, no. 2, pp. 325- 358.
COWAN, R.; L. SOETE and O. TCHERVONNAYA (2001) Knowledge Transfer and the Services Sector in the Context of the New Economy. Maastricht: MERIT - Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology.
DARR, E.D.; L. ARGOTE and D. EPPLE (1995) "The Acquisition, Transfer and Depreciation of Knowledge in Service Organizations: Productivity in Franchises", Management Science, 41, no. 11, pp. 1750-1762.
DAVENPORT, T.H. and L. PRUSAK (2001) Conocimiento en Acción. Cómo las Organizaciones Manejan lo que Saben. Buenos Aires: Pearson Educación.
DIXON, N.M. (2001) El Conocimiento Común. Cómo Prosperan las Compañías que Comparten lo que Saben. México: Oxford University Press.
DYER, J.H. and K. NOBEOKA (2000) "Creating and Managing a High- Performance Knowledge Sharing Network: The Toyota Case", Strategic Management Journal, 21, pp. 345-367.
ELANGO, B. and V.H. FRIED (1997) "Franchising Research: A Literature Review and Synthesis", Journal of Small Business Management, July, pp. 68-81.
EMPSON, L. (2001) "Fear of Exploitation and Fear of Contamination: Impediments to Knowledge Transfer in Mergers between Professional Service Firms", Human Relations, 54, no. 7, pp. 839-862.
FENWICK, G.D. and M. STROMBOM (1998) "The Determinants of Franchisee Performance: An Empirical Investigation", International Small Business Journal, 16, no. 4, pp. 28-45.
FLECHOSO SIERRA, J.J. (1997) El Libro de la Franquicia. Madrid: Editorial Biblioteca Nueva.
FOSS, N.J. and T. PEDERSEN (2002) "Transferring Knowledge in MNC's: The Roles of Sources of Subsidiary Knowledge and Organizational Context", Journal of International Management, 8, no. 1, pp. 49-67.
GALUNIC, D.C. and S. RODAN (1998) "Resource Recombinations in the Firm: Knowledge Structures and the Potential for Schumpeterian Innovation", Strategic Management Journal, 19, pp. 1193-1201.
GARUD, R. and P.R. NAYYAR (1994) "Transformative Capacity: Continual Structuring by Intertemporal Technology Transfer", Strategic Management Journal, 15, pp. 365-385.
GRANT, R.M. (1996a) "Prospering in Dynamically-Competitive Environments: Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration", Organization Science, 7, no. 4, pp. 375-387.
GRANT, R.M. (1996b) "Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm", Strategic Management Journal, 17, pp. 109-122.
GRANT, R.M. (1997) "The Knowledge-Based View of the Firm: Implications for Management Practice", Long Range Planning, 30, nº 3, pp. 450-454.
GUPTA, A.K. and V. GOVINDARAJAN (2000) "Knowledge Flows within Multinational Corporations", Strategic Management Journal, 21, pp. 473-496.
HALL, R. and P. ANDRIANI (2002) "Managing Knowledge for Innovation", Long Range Planning, 35, pp. 29-48.
HART, S. and C. BANBURY (1994) "How Strategy-Making Processes Can Make a Difference", Strategic Management Journal, 15, no. 4, pp. 251-269.
HEDLUND, G. (1994) "A Model of Knowledge Management and the N-Form Corporation", Strategic Management Journal, 15, pp. 73-90.
HIPPEL, E. von (1994) "'Sticky Information' and the Locus of Problem Solving: Implications for Innovation", Management Science, 40, no. 4, pp. 429-439.
HOLTSHOUSE, D. (1998) "Knowledge Research Issues", California Management Review, 40, no. 3, pp. 277-280.
HUSTED, K. and S. MICHAILOVA (2002) "Diagnosing and Fighting Knowledge- Sharing Hostility", Organizational Dynamics, 31, no. 1, pp. 60-73.
KOTABE, M.; X. MARTIN and H. DOMOTO (2003) "Gaining from Vertical Partnerships: Knowledge Transfer, Relationship Duration and Supplier Performance Improvement in the U.S. and Japanese Automotive Industries", Strategic Management Journal, 24, pp. 293-316.
KROGH, G. von; I. NONAKA and M. ABEN (2001) "Making the Most of Your Company's Knowledge: A Strategic Framework", Long Range Planning, 34, pp. 421-439.
LUBIT, R. (2001) "Tacit Knowledge and Knowledge Management: The Keys to Sustainable Competitive Advantage", Organizational Dynamics, 29, no. 4, pp. 164-178.
MALERBA, F. and L. ORSENIGO (2000) "Knowledge, Innovative Activities and Industrial Evolution", Industrial and Corporate Change, 9, no. 2, pp. 289-314.
MARTIN, R.E. (1988) "Franchising and Risk Management", The American Economic Review, 78, no. 5, pp. 954-968.
MARTIN, R.E. and R.T. JUSTIS (1993) "Franchising, Liquidity Constraints and Entry", Applied Economics, 25, pp. 1269-1277.
NIELSEN, B.B. (2001) "The Role of Knowledge Embeddedness in the Process of Creation of Synergies in International Strategic Alliances", Working Paper, no. 7. Copenhagen Business School.
NONAKA, I. (1991) "The Knowledge-Creating Company", Harvard Business Review, 69, no. 6, pp. 96-104.
NONAKA, I., P. REINMOLLER and D. SENOO (1998) "The 'ART' of Knowledge: Systems to Capitalize on Market Knowledge", European Management Journal, 16, no. 6, pp. 673-684.
NONAKA, I. and H. TAKEUCHI (1995) The Knowledge-Creating Company. New York: Oxford University Press.
NONAKA, I., R. TOYAMA and N. KONNO (2000) "SECI, Ba and Leadership: A Unified Model of Dynamic Knowledge Creation", Long Range Planning, 33, pp. 5-34.
NORTON, S.W. (1988a) "An Empirical Look at Franchising as an Organizational Form", Journal of Business, 61, no. 2, pp. 197-218.
NORTON, S.W (1988b) "Franchising, Brand Name Capital and the Entrepreneurial Capacity Problem", Strategic Management Journal, 9, pp. 105-114.
O'DELL, C. and C.J. GRAYSON (1998) "If Only we Knew What we Know: Identification and Transfer of Internal Best Practices", California Management Review, 40, no. 3, pp. 154-174.
OSTERLOH, M. and B.S. FREY (1999) "Motivation, Knowledge Transfer and Organizational Form", Working Paper, no. 27. University of Zurich: Institute for Empirical Research in Economics.
PABLOS, S. de (1998) Franquicias. Cómo montar un negocio de éxito. Madrid: Ediciones Temas de Hoy.
POLANYI, M. (1962) Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy. Gloucester: University of Chicago Press.
POLANYI, M. (1966) The Tacit Dimension. Gloucester: Peter Smith.
SCHULZ, M. (2001) "The Uncertain Relevance of Newness: Organizational Learning and Knowledge Flows", Academy of Management Journal, 44, no. 4, pp. 661-681.
SCHULZ, M. and L.A. JOBE (2001) "Codification and Tacitness as Knowledge Management Strategies. An Empirical Exploration", Journal of High Technology Management Research, 12, pp. 139-165.
SIMONIN, B.L. (1999) "Ambiguity and the Process of Knowledge Transfer in Strategic Alliances", Strategic Management Journal, 20, pp. 595-623.
SORENSON, O. and J.B. SØRENSEN (2001) "Finding the Right Mix: Franchising, Organizational Learning and Chain Performance", Strategic Management Journal, 22, pp. 713-724.
SUBRAMANIAM, M. and N. VENKATRAMAN (2001) "Determinants of Transnational New Product Development Capability: Testing the Influence of Transferring and Deploying Tacit Overseas Knowledge", Strategic Management Journal, 22, pp. 359-378.
SZULANSKI, G. (1996) "Exploring Internal Stickiness: Impediments to the Transfer of Best Practice within the Firm", Strategic Management Journal, 17, pp. 27-43.
SZULANSKI, G., R.J. JENSEN and T. LEE (2001) "On Re-using Knowledge: The Consequences of Adaptation of Franchising Knowledge for Local Network Growth", Working Paper, no. 10. University of Pensylvania: Reginald H. Jones Center.
TEECE, D. (2000) "Strategies for Managing Knowledge Assets: The Role of Firm Structure and Industrial Context", Long Range Planning, 33, pp. 35-54.
THOMPSON, R.S. (1994) "The Franchise Life Cycle and the Penrose Effect", Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 24, no. 2, pp. 207- 218.
TORMO, E. A. (2002) De Emprendedor a Franquiciador. Madrid: Ediciones Selina Olmedo.
TSAI, W. (2001) "Knowledge Transfer in Intraorganizational Networks: Effects of Network Position and Absorptive Capacity on Business Unit Innovation and Performance", Academy of Management Journal, 44, no. 5, pp. 996-1004.
WINTER, S.G. (1987) "Knowledge and Competence as Strategic Assets". T. TEECE (ed.) The Competitive Challenge: Strategies for Industrial Innovation and Renewal. Cambridge: Ballinger Publishing.
ZANDER, U. and B. KOGUT (1995) "Knowledge and the Speed of the Transfer and Imitation of Organizational Capabilities: An Empirical Test", Organization Science, 6, no. 1, pp. 76-92.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2009 Beatriz Minguela Rata, María Concepción Rodríguez Benavides, José Ignacio López Sánchez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:- Los autores ceden de forma no exclusiva los derechos de explotación (reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública, transformación) a la Universidad de León, por lo que pueden establecer, por separado, acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, alojarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Este trabajo se encuentra bajo la Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Puede consultarse desde aquí la versión informativa y el texto legal de la licencia.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica.
