"Magnifección" ¿una solución a la producción de anticuerpos recombinantes en situaciones de epidemia/pandemia?

Iris Asensio García

doi:10.18002/ambioc.v0i14.5543

Auteurs

Iris Asensio García

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.18002/ambioc.v0i14.5543

Résumé

Ciertas situaciones de emergencia, como la provocada por el último brote epidémico del virus del Ébola, crean la necesidad de producir, rápidamente y a gran escala, antígenos y anticuerpos útiles en la elaboración de vacunas. La biotecnología cuenta con varios sistemas de producción de proteínas recombinantes, pero no todos son capaces de responder eficientemente a este tipo de demandas. Una buena alternativa es el empleo de las plantas como biofactorías. Existen varios métodos para lograr la expresión heteróloga de proteínas en plantas, desde los utilizados para obtener plántas transgénicas, hasta la infección con vectores virales que da lugar a elevados niveles de expresión transitoria. Uno de ellos es la "magnifección" (de magnifection), que combina el uso de vectores virales deconstruidos, y clonados entre los bordes derecho e izquierdo del T-ADN de una cepa de Agrobacterium, con la agroinfiltración realizada a escala industrial en plantas cultivadas en invernadero. Prporciona rendimientos de producción de hasta 5 g de proteína recombinante por kg de biomasa en solo 4-10 días. La metodología se ha aplicado para obtener los anticuerpos de "ZMapp", el suero que ha dado buenos resultados en el tratamiento de infeccciones por el virus del Ébola en humanos, así como otras proteínas de interés terapéutico.

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