¿Posición antes de la sumisión? Técnicas y tácticas en el jiu-jitsu brasileño competitivo no-gi

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v17i2.7410

Palabras clave:

Artes marciales; deportes de combate; jiu-jitsu; BJJ; grappling; análisis del rendimiento

Agencias Financiadoras:

The authors received no funding for this work.

Resumen

El jiu-jitsu brasileño (BJJ) es un deporte de combate basado en el agarre, que se realiza con la indumentaria tradicional, el gi, o sin ella, conocido como no-gi. Las diferencias entre ambas modalidades, en aspectos como agarre, ritmo y reglamento, pueden afectar a las características del combate, lo cual afecta al modo en que los atletas afrontan las competiciones. Este estudio investigó el tiempo-movimiento y las características técnico-tácticas de combates de competiciones oficiales de BJJ no-gi solo por sumisión. Se analizaron 26 atletas regionales y 26 internacionales de las categorías de peso ligero a súper pesado. Las características de los combates no difirieron según nivel y estilo de competición (guardiero o pasador) o peso (p > 0,05). La duración del dominio posicional fue similar entre niveles y estilos (p > 0,05), pero existieron diferencias significativas entre ganadores y perdedores (p < 0,05; tamaño del efecto (ES) = 0,39). El dominio posicional también se correlacionó con las sumisiones de la parte superior del cuerpo (r = 0,50; p < 0,05). Curiosamente, el dominio posicional fue intrascendente en los combates finalizados con sumisiones en la parte inferior del cuerpo. De hecho, los atletas que ganaron por sumisión en la parte inferior del cuerpo, mayoritariamente mediante un gancho de tobillo, no ejercieron ningún control posicional previamente a lograr la victoria. La relación de intensidad alta a baja fue de 1:2 y 1:1, para atletas regionales e internacionales respectivamente. La relación tiempo de pie - tiempo en suelo fue de 1:2 en ambos grupos. Además de las nuevas características de las competiciones de BJJ competitivo no-gi, estos hallazgos indican que existen diferencias estratégicas que preceden a las diversas técnicas de sumisión.

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Biografía del autor/a

Charalampos Spanias, Human Performance Science Research Group, University of Edinburgh

MSc Strength and Conditioning graduate from the University of Edinburgh; Undergraduate Data Science (BSc) student at the Open University; Data Engineer at Codeverse. E-mail: spaniascharalampos@gmail.com

Christopher Kirk, Sport and Human Performance Research Group, Sheffield Hallam University

Lecturer in Sport and Exercise Physiology at Sheffield Hallam University; member of the Sport and Human Performance Research Group; consultant to International MMA Federation; applied physiologist working with combat sport athletes. E-mail: c.kirk@shu.ac.uk

Karsten Øvretveit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Physiologist and Doctoral Research Fellow in Medicine and Health Sciences at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Research areas include genetic disease risk, exercise as medicine, sports performance, and nutrition. E-mail: karsten.ovretveit@ntnu.no

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Publicado

2022-12-20

Cómo citar

Spanias, C., Kirk, C., & Øvretveit, K. (2022). ¿Posición antes de la sumisión? Técnicas y tácticas en el jiu-jitsu brasileño competitivo no-gi. Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas, 17(2), 130–139. https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v17i2.7410

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