Desarrollo y fiabilidad de test para medir el rendimiento perceptivo-motor en atletas de deportes de combate: el Striking Reaction Time Task (SRTT)
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https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v20i1.2505Palabras clave:
Artes marciales, deportes de combate, artes marciales mixtas, MMA, rendimiento deportivo, test, sensores de movimientoAgencias Financiadoras:
The authors received no funding for this work.Resumen
El rendimiento perceptivo-motor de 15 atletas profesionales de artes marciales mixtas (MMA) fue evaluado mediante el Striking Reaction Time Task (SRTT). Seis sensores LED equipados con sensores de movimiento, controlados por una aplicación de smartphone, fueron colocados en objetivos de golpeo específicos de una figura antropomórfica utilizando un body opponent bag (BOB). El SRTT consistió en dos bloques: SRTT-Simple, donde un sensor LED se encendía cada vez, y SRTT-Complejo, donde los seis sensores LED se iluminaban a la vez, con el objetivo a golpear iluminado en un color diferente. Cada bloque incluyó 120 estímulos. Se analizaron el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (ICC), el coeficiente de variación (CV) y el cambio mínimo detectable (MDC) del tiempo de reacción (TR). El rendimiento perceptivo-motor, medido por el TR, varió según el tipo de estímulo, con el bloque SRTT-Complejo obteniendo TRs más largos que el SRTT-Simple para todos los golpes excepto los hooks. Todos los golpes mostraron una confiabilidad de buena a excelente, con valores de ICC entre 0,76 y 0,96 (IC 95%: 0,62–0,98), CV entre 11% y 17%, y MDC entre 47 y 136 ms, dependiendo del golpe y del tipo de estímulo. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el SRTT es una herramienta confiable para evaluar el rendimiento perceptivo-motor específico de deportes de combate con golpeos. Futuros estudios deberían investigar su sensibilidad para distinguir entre no atletas y atletas de distintos niveles de habilidad, así como su capacidad de respuesta a intervenciones de entrenamiento.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Heloiana Faro, Lucas Arthur Duarte de Lima, Rodrigo Diego Morais da Silva, Arnaldo L. Mortatti, Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado
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