Tempo de combate, pontuação e penalidades no judô: uma revisão das mudanças nas regras de competição ocorridas entre 2010 e 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v17i1.7122Palavras-chave:
Artes marciais, esportes de combate, judô, análise de desempenho, arbitragem, regras, competiçãoEntidades:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. Lindsei Brabec Mota Barreto received a PDSE/CAPES Scholarship. Grant# 88881.622965/2021-1Resumo
Este estudo descreveu e analisou as principais mudanças nas regras oficiais da competição do judô ocorridas entre 2010 e 2020, destacando mudanças nos tempos de combate, pontuações e penalidades. Neste estudo retrospectivo buscou-se documentos oficiais, que regulamentaram as regras do judô entre 2010 e 2020, nos sites da Federação Internacional de Judô e da Confederação Brasileira de Judô, em manuais de arbitragem da Federação Sergipana de Judô (Brasil) e na Plataforma Google. Ao longo dos anos, o tempo de combate regular foi reduzido (2015=5’->4’ para mulheres; 2017=5’->4’ para homens), bem como o tempo de Osaekomi (2013=25"->20"). Essa mudança teve como objetivo facilitar a compreensão do público sobre as pontuações do judô, bem como desincentivar o uso de punições para obter a vitória (2010=exclusão de Koka; 2013=punição não vale mais pontuação; 2017=exclusão do Yuko, e Shido não decide mais o vencedor no tempo regular; 2018=Shido não decide mais o vencedor do Golden Score). Ações de ataque foram incentivadas (proibição de ações para fugir do combate) e houve a intenção de reduzir o risco de lesões no judô competitivo (proibição de alguns tipos de ações e pegadas). Ou seja, houve uma tentativa da Federação Internacional de Judô de estimular um judô positivo por meio das regras de 2010-2020. No entanto, essas constantes mudanças nas regras tornaram o contexto de treinamento competitivo instável. Os treinadores e atletas de judô devem estar atentos ao final de cada ciclo olímpico para novas mudanças que eventualmente são introduzidas e devem adaptar-se a elas rapidamente para ter rendimento competitivo.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2021 Lindsei Brabec Mota Barreto, Esteban Ariel Aedo-Muñoz, Dany Alexis Sorbazo Sotto, Bianca Miarka, Ciro José Brito
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- Permite-se, e sugere-se, que os autores difundam electronicamente as versões pré-impressão (versão antes de ser avaliada) e pós-impressão (versão avaliada e aceite para publicação das suas obras antes da sua publicação), favorecendo a sua circulação e difusão, e com ela o possível aumento da sua citação e alcance pela comunidade académica.
