Traditional martial arts versus martial sports: the philosophical and historical academic discourse

Udo Moenig; Minho  Kim; Hyun Min Choi

doi:10.18002/rama.v18i1.7604

Autores/as

Udo Moenig Youngsan University
Minho Kim Youngsan University
Hyun Min Choi Youngsan University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v18i1.7604

Palabras clave:

Artes marciales, Deportes de combate, terminología de artes marciales, filosofía de las artes marciales, invención de la tradición

Agencias Financiadoras:

The authors received no funding for this work.

Resumen

En el ámbito académico, se han realizado numerosos intentos para definir y categorizar con claridad la terminología de las artes marciales asiáticas, a menudo en relación con su historia, filosofía y prácticas de entrenamiento. En general, el término inglés “artes marciales” suele relacionarse con las artes de combate de Asia oriental. En comparación, las artes de combate occidentales, como el boxeo y la lucha libre, casi nunca se denominan “artes marciales”, sino que en mayoritariamente se etiquetan como “deportes” o “deportes de combate”. Esto se refleja en la división fundamental que existe en la comunidad de artes marciales, en general, entre los denominados tradicionalistas y los modernistas. Los primeros, a menudo, enfatizan la espiritualidad y el misticismo, y afirman que el objetivo principal de las artes marciales es la defensa personal, mientras que los segundos suelen estar relacionados con el entrenamiento deportivo y los eventos competitivos. La brecha entre las dos facciones no está resuelta y es la razón principal de las muchas opiniones y argumentos en conflicto articulados en el discurso de las artes marciales. El método principal de este estudio es una extensa revisión de la literatura, con el objetivo de aclarar la confusión, señalando las muchas paradojas presentes en las narrativas históricas y filosóficas en relación con las prácticas de entrenamiento de las artes marciales. Además, este artículo representa también una crítica del discurso académico general sobre las artes marciales asiáticas, que a menudo parece falso y, generalmente, está dominado por los tradicionalistas.

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Biografía del autor/a

Udo Moenig, Youngsan University

Udo Moenig, PhD (South Korea), is an associate professor at the Department of Taekwondo, Youngsan University, in South Korea. He earned a PhD in Physical Education from Keimyung University. He was appointed as the first foreigner to teach taekwondo at a Korean university in 2005, and is at the moment the only non-Korean in the field. He researches in the domain of Asian Studies with a focus on martial arts related issues, such as history, philosophy, and the technical aspects of martial arts. He has extensive practical experience in taekwondo (with a focus on competition) and other martial arts for over forty years. E-mail: udomoenig@yahoo.com

Minho Kim, Youngsan University

Minho Kim, PhD (South Korea), is a professor at the Department of Asian Martial Arts, Youngsan University, in South Korea. He earned a PhD in Cultural Anthropology from University Bordeaux II, France, in 1999. He researches broadly in the domain of practical and theoretical martial arts studies, but his main research area is cultural martial arts studies and health-related issues. He has been training and instructing martial arts at Youngsan University since 2001. E-mail: menhkim@ysu.ac.kr

Hyun Min Choi, Youngsan University

Hyun Min Choi, PhD (South Korea), is an assistant professor at Youngsan University. He researches in the fields of martial arts, taekwondo, and sports. He coached the Afghan taekwondo national team at the Beijing Olympics (2008) and the Thai taekwondo national team at the London Olympics (2012). He specializes in sports sociology and is a training expert. He previously worked at the Kukkiwon Research Institute and the World Taekwondo Federation. E-mail: sbvfef@hanmail.net

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