Desempenho de salto e perfis de capacidade anaeróbica de campo de atletas amadores de artes marciais mistas de nível internacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18002/rama.v20i1.2502Palavras-chave:
Artes marciais, desportos de combate, MMA, capacidade anaeróbica, desempenho neuromuscular, SJFTEntidades:
The authors received no funding for this workResumo
As artes marciais mistas (MMA) são um esporte de combate que exige a capacidade de realizar ações repetidas de alto impulso por 9 a 25 minutos. Este estudo relata pela primeira vez medidas de proxy de desempenho neuromuscular da parte inferior do corpo e capacidades aneróbicas de atletas de MMA amadores de nível 3. Uma coorte de n=9 mulheres (idade = 20,5±2,8 anos) e n=12 homens (idade =20,8±1,6 anos) participantes completaram squat jumps, saltos de contramovimento e drop jumps para fornecer medidas aproximadas de seu desempenho neuromuscular e força reativa. A coorte também concluiu o special judo fitness test (SJFT) como indicador de sua capacidade anaeróbica. As taxas de sucesso de MMA dos participantes foram determinadas usando sua porcentagem de vitórias em lutas de MMA. As relações entre as medidas fisiológicas e as taxas de sucesso foram calculadas usando o coeficiente de correlação r de Pearson (p<0,05). As características de salto de homens e mulheres foram, em geral, iguais às de atletas de outros esportes de combate, mas inferiores às de atletas de esportes que não são de combate. Os homens e as mulheres foram considerados "pobre/muito pobre" na maioria dos fatores do SJFT. Verificou-se que a taxa de sucesso das atletas femininas tem uma relação muito grande com as variáveis de salto (SJ r = 0,713; CMJ r = 0,794; CMJ-AS r = 0,718; todos p<0,05). Além disso, a taxa de sucesso dos atletas da categoria masculina teve uma forte relação com os fatores SJFT (número de projeções r = 0,732; índice SJFT r = - 0,648; ambos p<0,05). Esses resultados indicam que o sucesso do MMA depende de diferentes fatores fisiológicos em cada sexo. Esses resultados também podem destacar áreas de preocupação nos padrões de desempenho fisiológico dos atletas de MMA.
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